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Minnesota's Rare Plant Species
Endangered, Threatened and special concern plant species often go unnoticed. These plants are rare for several reasons. Most often their habitat has been destroyed or disturbed. Other causes of a low population are because they are near the end of their suitable growing range or they have low reproductive potential.
These unique creations of God have value. It is our duty to protect these rare species. The United States and State of Minnesota have differing levels of protection for different classes of species. Federal Endangered Species have the highest level of protection. A species that has this classification is in danger of becoming extinct. The Federal Threatened Species are the second highest classification.
Threatened plant species are somewhat less vulnerable but they are still in danger of becoming extirpated or endangered. The State of Minnesota maintains a list of species through the Department of Natural Resources Natural Heritage Program. The role of this division is to document and protect Minnesota's rare species. A County Biological Survey has been initiated in an attempt to document and categorize the known occurrences of Minnesota's unique and rare natural features. Laws protecting rare species exist at both the National and State levels.
Acorn has experience identifying rare plants and plant communities in Minnesota and Wisconsin on project sites and corridor right of ways. Call us for information about your project and we will help guide you through the process. If you need an listed plant inventory we have experience working with state agencies to identify and relocate vulnerable plant species.
Below is a list of Minnesota's Listed plant species.
Copy the scientific or common name of a species and paste the name into the google search engine to browse for information about these rare species.
Click here to ask Acorn about rare plant survey services.
- VASCULAR PLANTS
Endangered
Agalinis auriculata ....eared false foxglove
Agalinis gattingeri ..... round-stemmed false foxglove
Asclepias stenophylla ....narrow-leaved milkweed
Astragalus alpinus ..... alpine milk-vetch
Bartonia virginica ..... Virginia bartonia
Botrychium gallicomontanum ....frenchman’s bluff moonwort
Botrychium oneidense ....blunt-lobed grapefern
Botrychium pallidum ..... pale moonwort
Cacalia suaveolens ....sweet-smelling Indian-plantain
Caltha natans ........floating marsh-marigold
Carex formosa ........handsome sedge
Carex pallescens .......pale sedge
Carex plantaginea ..... plantain-leaved sedge
Castilleja septentrionalis ....northern paintbrush
Cheilanthes lanosa ....hairy lip-fern
Chrysosplenium iowense ....Iowa golden saxifrage
Cristatella jamesii ..... James' polanisia
Dodecatheon meadia ..... prairie shooting star
Draba norvegica .......Norwegian whitlow-grass
Eleocharis wolfii .......Wolf's spike-rush
Empetrum eamesii ..... purple crowberry
Empetrum nigrum ..... black crowberry
Erythronium propullans ....dwarf trout lily (Fed. Status: E)
Escobaria vivipara ....ball cactus
Fimbristylis puberula var. interior ..... hairy fimbristylis
Glaux maritima ..... ....sea milkwort
Hydrastis canadensis ..... golden-seal
Iodanthus pinnatifidus ....purple rocket
Isoetes melanopoda ....blackfoot quillwort
Lechea tenuifolia .......narrow-leaved pinweed
Lesquerella ludoviciana ....bladder pod
Listera auriculata ..... auricled twayblade
Malaxis paludosa ..... bog adder's-mouth
Marsilea vestita ..... ....hairy water clover
Montia chamissoi ..... montia
Oryzopsis hymenoides ....Indian ricegrass
Osmorhiza berteroi ....Chilean sweet cicely
Oxytropis viscida .......sticky locoweed
Paronychia fastigiata ....forked chickweed
Parthenium integrifolium ..... wild quinine
Platanthera flava var. herbiola ..... tubercled rein-orchid
Platanthera praeclara ....western prairie fringed orchid (Fed. Status: T)
Polemonium occidentale ssp. lacustre ....western Jacob’s-ladder
Polygala cruciata ..... cross-leaved milkwort
Polystichum braunii ..... Braun's holly fern
Potamogeton bicupulatus ..... snailseed pondweed
Potamogeton diversifolius ..... diverse-leaved pondweed
Psoralidium tenuiflora ....slender-leaved scurf pea
Sagina nodosa ssp. borealis ....knotty pearlwort
Saxifraga cernua .......nodding saxifrage
Scleria triglomerata ..... tall nut-rush
Sedum integrifolium ssp. leedyi ..... Leedy's roseroot (Fed. Status: T)
Selaginella selaginoides ....northern spikemoss
Senecio canus ........gray ragwort
Talinum rugospermum ....rough-seeded fameflower
Tofieldia pusilla .......small false asphodel
Xyris torta ......... twisted yellow-eyed grass
Threatened
Achillea sibirica .......Siberian yarrow
Allium cernuum ..... ....nodding wild onion
Allium schoenoprasum var. sibiricum ....wild chives
Ammophila breviligulata ....beachgrass
Arabis holboellii var. retrofracta ....Holboell's rockcress
Arnica lonchophylla ..... long-leaved arnica
Arnoglossum plantagineum ....tuberous Indian-plantain
Asclepias hirtella ..... prairie milkweed
Asclepias sullivantii ..... Sullivant's milkweed
Asplenium trichomanes ..... maidenhair spleenwort
Aster shortii ......... Short’s aster
Aureolaria pedicularia ..... fernleaf false foxglove
Besseya bullii ........kitten-tails
Botrychium lanceolatum ....triangle moonwort
Botrychium lunaria ....common moonwort
Botrychium rugulosum ..... St. Lawrence grapefern
Carex careyana ..... ....Carey’s sedge
Carex conjuncta .......jointed sedge
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Carex davisii ......... Davis' sedge
Carex festucacea .......fescue sedge
Carex garberi ........Garber’s sedge
Carex jamesii ........James’ sedge
Carex katahdinensis ..... Katahdin sedge
Carex laevivaginata ..... smooth-sheathed sedge
Carex laxiculmis .......spreading sedge
Carex sterilis ......... sterile sedge
Crassula aquatica ..... pigmyweed
Crataegus douglasii ..... black hawthorn
Cyperus acuminatus ..... short-pointed umbrella-sedge
Cypripedium arietinum ..... ram's-head lady's-slipper
Diplazium pycnocarpon ..... narrow-leaved spleenwort
Dryopteris marginalis ....marginal shield-fern
Eleocharis nitida .......neat spike-rush
Eleocharis olivacea ....olivaceous spike-rush
Eleocharis rostellata ..... beaked spike-rush
Eupatorium sessilifolium ....upland boneset
Floerkea proserpinacoides ....false mermaid
Heteranthera limosa ..... mud plantain
Huperzia porophila ....rock clubmoss
Lespedeza leptostachya ..... prairie bush clover (Fed. Status: T)
Melica nitens ......... three-flowered melic
Moehringia macrophylla ....large-leaved sandwort
Napaea dioica ........glade mallow
Nymphaea leibergii ....small white waterlily
Paronychia canadensis ..... Canadian forked chickweed
Phegopteris hexagonoptera ....broad beech-fern
Plantago elongata ..... slender plantain
Poa paludigena ..... ....bog bluegrass
Polystichum acrostichoides ....Christmas fern
Rhynchospora capillacea ..... hair-like beak-rush
Rotala ramosior .......tooth-cup
Rubus chamaemorus ..... cloudberry
Salicornia rubra .......red saltwort
Saxifraga paniculata ..... encrusted saxifrage
Scleria verticillata ..... whorled nut-rush
Scutellaria ovata .......ovate-leaved skullcap
Shinnersoseris rostrata ..... annual skeletonweed
Silene nivea ........snowy campion
Subularia aquatica ....awlwort
Sullivantia sullivantii ....reniform sullivantia
Vaccinium uliginosum ....alpine bilberry
Valeriana edulis var. ciliata ..... valerian
Viola lanceolata .......lance-leaved violet
Viola nuttallii ........yellow prairie violet
Woodsia glabella .......smooth woodsia
Woodsia scopulina ....Rocky Mountain woodsia
Special Concern
Adoxa moschatellina ..... moschatel
Agrostis geminata ..... twin bentgrass
Androsace septentrionalis ssp. puberulenta northern androsace
Antennaria parvifolia ....small-leaved pussytoes
Aristida purpurea var. longiseta ....red three-awn
Aristida tuberculosa ..... sea-beach needlegrass
Asclepias amplexicaulis ....clasping milkweed
Asplenium platyneuron ..... ebony spleenwort
Astragalus flexuosus ..... slender milk-vetch
Astragalus missouriensis ....Missouri milk-vetch
Bacopa rotundifolia ..... water-hyssop
Baptisia alba ......... white wild indigo
Baptisia bracteata var. leucophaea ....plains wild indigo
Botrychium campestre ....prairie moonwort
Botrychium mormo ....goblin fern
Botrychium minganense ....Mingan moonwort
Botrychium simplex ....least moonwort
Buchloe dactyloides ..... buffalo grass
Calamagrostis lacustris ..... marsh reedgrass
Calamagrostis montanensis ....plains reedgrass
Calamagrostis purpurascens ..... purple reedgrass
Callitriche heterophylla ....larger water-starwort
Carex annectens .......yellow-fruited sedge
Carex crus-corvi .......raven’s foot sedge
Carex exilis ........coastal sedge
Carex flava ........yellow sedge
Carex hallii ........Hall's sedge
Carex michauxiana ....Michaux’s sedge
Carex obtusata ..... ....blunt sedge
Carex praticola ..... ....prairie sedge
Carex scirpoidea .......northern singlespike sedge
Carex supina var. spaniocarpa ..... weak arctic sedge
Carex typhina ........cattail sedge
Carex woodii ......... Wood's sedge
Carex xerantica ..... ....dry sedge
Chamaesyce missurica ..... Missouri spurge
Cirsium hillii ......... Hill's thistle
Cladium mariscoides ..... twig-rush
Claytonia caroliniana ....Carolina spring-beauty
Cymopterus acaulis ....wild parsley
Cypripedium candidum ..... small white lady's-slipper
Dalea candida var. oligophylla ..... white prairie-clover
Decodon verticillatus ....waterwillow
Deschampsia flexuosa ....slender hairgrass
Desmanthus illinoensis ..... prairie mimosa
Desmodium cuspidatum var. longifolium... big tick-trefoil
Desmodium nudiflorum ..... stemless tick-trefoil
Diarrhena obovata ....American beakgrain
Dicentra canadensis ..... squirrel-corn
Draba arabisans .......rock whitlow-grass
Drosera anglica .......English sundew
Drosera linearis .......linear-leaved sundew
Dryopteris goldiana ..... Goldie's fern
Eleocharis parvula ....dwarf spike-rush
Eleocharis quinqueflora ....few-flowered spike-rush
Eryngium yuccifolium ....rattlesnake-master
Euphrasia hudsoniana ....Hudson Bay eyebright
Fimbristylis autumnalis ..... autumn fimbristylis
Gaillardia aristata ....blanket-flower
Gentiana affinis ..... ....northern gentian
Gentianella amarella ssp. acuta ....felwort
Hamamelis virginiana ....witch-hazel
Helianthus nuttallii ssp. rydbergii ..... Nuttall's sunflower
Helictotrichon hookeri ..... oat-grass
Hudsonia tomentosa ..... beach-heather
Hydrocotyle americana ..... American water-pennywort
Jeffersonia diphylla ....twinleaf
Juglans cinerea ..... ....butternut
Juncus marginatus ..... marginated rush
Juncus stygius var. americanus ..... bog rush
Juniperus horizontalis ....creeping juniper
Leersia lenticularis ....catchfly grass
Limosella aquatica ....mudwort
Listera convallarioides ..... broad-lipped twayblade
Littorella uniflora ..... American shore-plantain
Luzula parviflora ssp. melanocarpa ....small-flowered woodrush
Lysimachia quadrifolia ..... whorled loosestrife
Machaeranthera pinnatifida ..... cutleaf ironplant
Malaxis monophyllos var. brachypoda....white adder’s-mouth
Minuartia dawsonensis ..... rock sandwort
Muhlenbergia uniflora ..... one flowered muhly
Najas gracillima .......slender naiad
Najas marina ......... sea naiad
Oenothera rhombipetala ....rhombic-petaled evening primrose
Opuntia macrorhiza ..... plains prickly pear
Orobanche fasciculata ..... clustered broomrape
Orobanche ludoviciana ..... Louisiana broomrape
Orobanche uniflora ....one-flowered broomrape
Osmorhiza depauperata ..... blunt-fruited sweet cicely
Panax quinquefolius ..... American ginseng
Pellaea atropurpurea ....purple cliff-brake
Phacelia franklinii ..... Franklin’s phacelia
Pinguicula vulgaris ....butterwort
Platanthera clavellata ....club-spur orchid
Poa wolfii ......... Wolf's bluegrass
Polygonum careyi ..... Carey’s smartweed
Polygonum viviparum ....alpine bistort
Polytaenia nuttallii ....prairie-parsley
Potamogeton vaginatus ..... sheathed pondweed
Potamogeton vaseyi ....Vasey's pondweed
Prenanthes crepidinea ....nodding rattlesnake-root
Pyrola minor ......... small shinleaf
Ranunculus lapponicus ..... Lapland buttercup
Rhynchospora fusca ..... sooty-colored beak-rush
Rorippa sessiliflora ....sessile-flowered cress
Rudbeckia triloba ..... three-leaved coneflower
Ruppia maritima .......ditch-grass
Salix maccalliana ..... Maccall’s willow
Salix pellita ........satiny willow
Sanicula trifoliata ..... beaked snakeroot
Schedonnardus paniculatus ....tumblegrass
Scirpus clintonii .......Clinton’s bulrush
Senecio indecorus ..... elegant grounsel
Silene drummondii ....Drummond’s campion
Solidago mollis ..... ....soft goldenrod
Solidago sciaphila ..... cliff goldenrod
Sparganium glomeratum ....clustered bur-reed
Stellaria longipes ..... long-stalked chickweed
Symphoricarpos orbiculatus ..... coralberry
Tephrosia virginiana ..... goat's-rue
Torreyochloa pallida ..... Torrey’s manna-grass
Trillium nivale ........snow trillium
Trimorpha acris var. asteroides ..... bitter fleabane
Trimorpha lonchophylla ....shortray fleabane
Triplasis purpurea ..... purple sand-grass
Tsuga canadensis ..... eastern hemlock
Utricularia purpurea ..... purple-flowered bladderwort
Utricularia resupinata ....lavender bladderwort
Verbena simplex .......narrow-leaved vervain
Vitis aestivalis ........silverleaf grape
Waldsteinia fragarioides ....barren strawberry
Woodsia alpina ..... ....alpine woodsia
Xyris montana ........montane yellow-eyed grass
LICHENS
Endangered
Buellia nigra ......... a species of lichen
Caloplaca parvula ..... a species of lichen
Dermatocarpon moulinsii ..... a species of lichen
Leptogium apalachense ..... a species of lichen
Lobaria scrobiculata ..... a species of lichen
Parmelia stictica .......a species of lichen
Pseudocyphellaria crocata ....a species of lichen
Umbilicaria torrefacta ..... a species of lichen
Threatened
Cetraria oakesiana ....a species of lichen
Coccocarpia palmicola ..... a species of lichen
Parmelia stuppea ..... a species of lichen
Special concern
Anaptychia setifera ....a species of lichen
Cetraria aurescens ....a species of lichen
Cladonia pseudorangiformis ..... a species of lichen
Lobaria quercizans ....a species of lichen
Peltigera venosa .......a species of lichen
Sticta fuliginosa .......a species of lichen
MOSSES
Endangered
Schistostegia pennata ....luminous moss
Special Concern
Bryoxiphium norvegicum ....sword moss
Tomenthypnum falcifolium ....a species of moss
FUNGI
Endangered
Fuscoboletinus weaverae ....a species of fungus
Psathyrella cystidiosa ....a species of fungus
Psathyrella rhodospora ..... a species of fungus
Special concern
Laccaria trullisata ..... a species of fungus
Lactarius fuliginellus ..... a species of fungus
Lysurus cruciatus ..... a species of fungus
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